What are the difference between traditional file base system and data base management system?
Traditional File Base System V/S Data Base Management System
1. In traditional file processing, each user define and implement the files needed for a specific application.
1. In traditional file processing, each user define and implement the files needed for a specific application.
For example, one user, the grade reporting office, may keep a file on student and their grade.A second user, the accounting office, may keep track of students fees and their payment. Both user are interested in data about student, each user maintain separate file and programmers to manipulate these files because, each requires same data not available from the other user files. This redundancy in defining and storing data result in wastage storage space.
In the data base approach, a single responsibility of data in maintained that is, define one and then is accessed by various user. So redundancy can be minimized in DBMS.
2. In traditional file processing, data definition is typically part of the application programmers. In this processing, the file structure and the exact location of any field with in a record must be corded with in each programmers that access this data item.
In database approach, a complete definition or description of the data base structure and constrained are stored in the system catalog, which also contain information such as the structure of each file, the type and storage format of each data item. The information stored in the catalog is called meta-data. Whenever a request is made to access say the name of a student record, the DBMS software refers to the catalog to determined the structure of the student file, the position and size of the name data item with in a student record.
3. In traditional file processing, the structure of datafile is embedded in the access programmers, so, any changes to the structure of a file may require changing all programmers that access this file.
In database approach, the DBMS access programmers. Do not require such changes in most cases. The structure of datafile is stored in the DBMS catalog separately from the access programmer. We call this properties as programmer data in dependence.
4. Centralized control of the database is possible but it is not possible in traditional file base system.
5. Security problem may occur in traditional file processing system. But security control can be applied in DBMS system. When multiple user share a database, it is likely that some user will not be authorized to access all information in the data base.
5. Security problem may occur in traditional file processing system. But security control can be applied in DBMS system. When multiple user share a database, it is likely that some user will not be authorized to access all information in the data base.
6. Concurrent access problem occurs in file processing system i,e. The conventional file processing system fails on concurrent use of same document (file) for same customer but it is possible in DBMS system.
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