Short Note in System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
System
Development Life Cycle (SDLC) : The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method is classically thought
of as the set of activities the analyst, designer and user carry out to develop
and implement an information system. It consist of the following activities -
1.
Preliminary Investigation.
2.
Determination of System Requirement.
3.
Design of the System.
4.
Development of Software.
5.
System Testing.
6.
Implementation and Evaluation.
Preliminary Investigation : A request to receive assistance from information system can be
made for many reasons. But in each case someone – a manager , an employee or a
system specialist – initiate the request.
When the request is made the first
system activity, the preliminary investigation begins. This activity has three
parts -
a. Request Clarification.
b. Feasibility Study.
c. Request Approval.
b
. Feasibility Study : Feasibility Study is a procedure
that identifies describes and evaluate the candidate’s system and select the
best system for the feasibility study is a test of the system according to its
working ability –
One of the
important feature preliminary investigation to determine that the system
requested is feasible or not. There are
three types of feasibility study in the preliminary investigation –
i. Technical Feasibility : the technical issues usually arise during the feasibility stage
of the investigation include these –
Does the necessary technology
exist to do what is suggested ?
Does the propose equipment have
the technical capacity to hold the data required to use the new system
?
Can the system be expanded if
developed.
Are there
technical guarantees of accuracy reliability and data security.
ii. Operational Feasibility :
Will the system be used if it is developed and implemented ?
Will there be resistance from user
that will determine the possible application benefits ?
iii. Economic Feasibility : Are there sufficient benefits in creating the system to make
the cost acceptable ? or Are the cost of not creating the system ? so great that
the project must be undertaken ?
Determine of System Requirements : Important features of the system
analysis, analyst gather from this phase under the proper investigation.
Analyst closely working with each employees and higher authority, must study the
business process to answer the following questions –
What and how
is to solve the problem ?
What is the
volume of transaction and decision ? Does any problem exist to perform the task
? if yes how serious is it ?
Detailed
investigation also require study manual reports, actual observation of work
activities etc. System analyst must select the sample of form and documents to
understand the process.
Analyst
study the requirement data to identify the features of the new system. And also
the must take the information about the system to produce and operational
features like processing control, response time and I/O method.
Design of the System : The design of an information system produces how a
system will meet the requirement . Identified during system analysis. It is
called logical design, in entrust physical
design (development of software). Analyst start the design process after
identify the reports an outputs . He must point out the special data and sketch
the form or display as he expect after the completion of the system.He also
describe the data to be inputted calculate or stored. He select the file
structure and storage devices require for the system data flow diagram (DFD).
Analyst are responsible to provide complete and clear outline software specification
to the programmer.
Development of Software : Software developers may install purchased software or
write a new software depending on cost, time and availability and efficient
programmer. Generally large organizations have fixed number of programmers to
implemented the software. But small
organizations have no programmers, purchase the software from different
vendors.
Programmer
are responsible to document and explain the program. How and why certain are
coded in specific ways , they must explain. Documentation is an essential parts
to test and maintain the program.
System Testing : During this period/phase the system is used experimentally
to ensure that the software is correct as per expectation and specification.
Test data are input for processing and test the result (output). A limited
number user may be allowed to use the system for testing, if the user dis ever
or get any unexpected outputs or decide to add new specification then analyst
must implement the system again.
Implementation and Evaluation : Implementation is process of hawing
system personal check out and put new equipment into use, train the users
installed new application and construct any files of data needed to use it.
Evaluation of the system in perform to
identify its strength and weakness. The following features used to evaluate the
system –
a. Operational Evaluation.
b. Organizational Evaluation.
c. User Manager Assessment.
d. Development Performance.
Subscribe to:
Post Comments
(
Atom
)
No comments :
Post a Comment