What is Independence ? Difference Types Of Independence
Independence:-
The ability to use the database without knowing the representation details is called data independence.
There are two types of data independence :-
1. Logical data independence
2. Physical data independence.
· Logical Data Independence:- Logical data independence is the capacity to change the conceptual schema without having to change application programs. We may change the conceptual schema to expand the database or to reduce the database. Logical data independence provide that new data items can be added or overall logical structure can be expanded without rewriting existing application program.
· Physical data Independence:- It is the capacity to change the internal schema without having to change conceptual or external schema. Changes to the internal schema may be needed because some physical file had to be recognized, for example, by creating additional access structures to improve the performance of retrievals or update
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